310 research outputs found
A kereskedelmi iskolĂĄink a 19. szĂĄzadi nĂ©met Ă©s francia szakoktatĂĄs tĂŒkrĂ©ben
A 19. szĂĄzad mĂĄsodik felĂ©ben kibontakozĂł hazai közĂ©pfokĂș kereskedelmi szakkĂ©pzĂ©s mintĂĄjĂĄul a nĂ©met, osztrĂĄk, valamint a francia kereskedelmi szakoktatĂĄsi âmodellâ szolgĂĄlt. A rendelkezĂ©sĂŒnkre ĂĄllĂł elsĆdleges (szervezeti szabĂĄlyzatok, iskolai Ă©rtesĂtĆk, tantervek) Ă©s mĂĄsodlagos forrĂĄsok vizsgĂĄlata, összehasonlĂtĂł elemzĂ©se sorĂĄn arra kerestĂŒk a vĂĄlaszt, hogy vajon az Eötvös JĂłzsef Ă©s munkatĂĄrsai ĂĄltal feltĂ©rkĂ©pezett, Ăgy kĂŒlönös figyelmet kapĂł nĂ©met, osztrĂĄk Ă©s francia szakiskolai rendszer egyes elemei (a kĂ©pzĂ©s szerkezetĂ©t, a tananyag tartalmĂĄt Ă©s a vĂ©gzettsĂ©get tekintve) megjelentek-e, ha igen, milyen formĂĄban a hazai kereskedelmi iskolĂĄk megszervezĂ©se sorĂĄn. TovĂĄbbĂĄ vizsgĂĄlatunk tĂĄrgyĂĄt kĂ©pezte annak feltĂ©rkĂ©pezĂ©se, hogy mikĂ©nt alakult e hangsĂșlyosan gyakorlati kĂ©pzĂ©st is nyĂșjtĂł, közvetlenĂŒl a munkaerĆpiacra felkĂ©szĂtĆ közĂ©p/felsĆ kereskedelmi iskolatĂpusban az elmĂ©leti Ă©s a szakmai tantĂĄrgyak ĂłraszĂĄmĂĄnak arĂĄnya
The s-monotone index selection rules for pivot algorithms of linear programming
In this paper we introduce the concept of s-monotone index selection rule for linear programming problems. We show that several known anti-cycling pivot rules like the minimal index, Last-InâFirst-Out and the most-often-selected-variable pivot rules are s-monotone index selection rules. Furthermore, we show a possible way to define new s-monotone pivot rules. We prove that several known algorithms like the primal (dual) simplex, MBU-simplex algorithms and criss-cross algorithm with s-monotone pivot rules are finite methods. We implemented primal simplex and primal MBU-simplex algorithms, in MATLAB, using three s-monotone index selection rules, the minimal-index, the Last-InâFirst-Out (LIFO) and the Most-Often-Selected-Variable (MOSV) index selection rule. Numerical results demonstrate the viability of the above listed s-monotone index selection rules in the framework of pivot algorithms
Laskagomba fajtaspecifikus termesztéstechnikåjånak fejlesztése = Development of oyster mushroom variety-specific growing technology
MĂĄra mĂĄr az Ășj technolĂłgiai Ă©s gazdasĂĄgi problĂ©mĂĄk hatĂĄsakĂ©nt a korĂĄbbi szakmai ismeretek modernizĂĄlĂĄsĂĄra van szĂŒksĂ©g a laskagomba termesztĂ©sben. Többek között elterjedttĂ© vĂĄlt a hibridek termesztĂ©se, a megbĂzhatĂł magyar nemesĂtĂ©sƱ HK35 fajta mellett egyre több Ășj hibrid jelenik meg. ElkerĂŒlhetetlen a modern, teljesen szabĂĄlyozott lĂ©gterƱ termesztĆ berendezĂ©sek hasznĂĄlata a stabil, a piac igĂ©nyeit megfelelĆen kiszolgĂĄlĂł gombatermesztĂ©s Ă©rdekĂ©ben. Mindezek hatĂĄsĂĄra szĂŒksĂ©gessĂ© vĂĄlt az eddig fajszinten vizsgĂĄlt környezeti tĂ©nyezĆk fajtaszintƱ vizsgĂĄlata a fajtaspecifikus termesztĂ©stechnolĂłgia megalapozĂĄsa Ă©rdekĂ©ben.
A kutatĂĄsi munkĂĄm cĂ©lja Ă©ppen ezĂ©rt a jelenleg az ĂĄrutermelĆ gombatermesztĂ©sben hasznĂĄlt kĂ©sĆi laskagomba (Pleurotus ostreatus) hibridek termesztĂ©stechnolĂłgiĂĄinak vizsgĂĄlata, Ă©s a fajtaspecifikus technolĂłgia kialakĂtĂĄsa az optimalizĂĄlĂĄs, a hatĂ©konysĂĄg fokozĂĄsa Ă©rdekĂ©ben.
MunkĂĄm sorĂĄn primer adatgyƱjtĂ©ssel felmĂ©rtem a legnagyobb laskagomba termelĆi kör szerkezetĂ©t, megĂĄllapĂtottam a jellemzĆ ĂŒzemmĂ©retet, a termesztĆ berendezĂ©sek korszerƱsĂ©gĂ©t Ă©s az alkalmazott termesztĂ©stechnolĂłgia fĆbb paramĂ©tereit.
A HK35, 357 Ă©s P70 hibridek esetĂ©ben laboratĂłriumi Ă©s kislĂ©ptĂ©kƱ ĂŒzemi kĂsĂ©rletekben vizsgĂĄltam az ĂĄtszövetĂ©si hĆmĂ©rsĂ©klet vĂĄltozĂĄsĂĄnak a micĂ©lium növekedĂ©sre Ă©s a termĂ©shozamra gyakorolt hatĂĄsĂĄt; az összefĂŒggĂ©st az ĂĄtszövetĂ©s idĆtartama Ă©s a termĂ©shozam között; a termĆrefordĂtĂĄsi hĆmĂ©rsĂ©klet termĂ©shozamra gyakorolt hatĂĄsĂĄt; a tĂĄpközeg kĂ©mhatĂĄsĂĄnak vĂĄltozĂĄsĂĄt a vegetatĂv növekedĂ©s sorĂĄn Ă©s az összefĂŒggĂ©st a kalap növekedĂ©s Ă©s a hĆmĂ©rsĂ©klet vĂĄltozĂĄsa között.
MegvizsgĂĄltam nĂ©hĂĄny környezeti tĂ©nyezĆ (pH, hĆmĂ©rsĂ©klet, sĂł-tƱrĂ©s Ă©s rĂ©zion Ă©rzĂ©kenysĂ©g) hatĂĄsĂĄt a beteg laskagomba termĆtestbĆl izolĂĄlt Pseudomonas fajok szaporodĂĄsĂĄra.
A vizsgĂĄlatok sorĂĄn kapott eredmĂ©nyek alapjĂĄn leĂrtam az ĂĄltalam vizsgĂĄlt hĂĄrom hibrid fajtaspecifikus termesztĂ©stechnolĂłgiĂĄi közötti kĂŒlönbsĂ©geket, amelyek a következĆk:
A HK35 hibridnĂ©l az ĂĄtszövetĂ©s sorĂĄn a termesztĆközegben mĂ©rt hĆmĂ©rsĂ©klet beĂĄllĂtĂĄsĂĄhoz a 25 ÌC az irĂĄnyadĂł, az idĆtartam 20-26 nap között van. GazdasĂĄgi szempontbĂłl a rövidebb inkubĂĄciĂłs hĆmĂ©rsĂ©klet a kedvezĆbb, ezĂ©rt a költsĂ©ghatĂ©konysĂĄg figyelembe vĂ©telĂ©vel a 20 nap az ajĂĄnlott idĆtartam. A termĆrefordĂtĂĄsi hĆmĂ©rsĂ©klet optimuma a 16 ÌC, de figyelembe kell venni azt, hogy ennĂ©l mĂĄr 3 ÌC-kal alacsonyabb hĆmĂ©rsĂ©klet 30-50%-kal csökkenti a termĂ©shozamot.
A 357 hibrid esetĂ©ben az ĂĄtszövetĂ©s hĆmĂ©rsĂ©kleti optimuma 25 ÌC, viszont ez a hibrid Ă©rzĂ©kenyen reagĂĄl a termesztĆközeg hĆmĂ©rsĂ©kletĂ©nek növekedĂ©sĂ©re Ă©s mĂĄr 31 ÌC-nĂĄl a hozam 50%-kal csökken. Az ĂĄtszövetĂ©s idĆtartamĂĄnĂĄl fontos, hogy minimĂĄlisan Ă©rje el a 20 napot, azonban az optimĂĄlis idĆtartam 26-29 naphoz ĂĄll közelebb. A termĆrefordĂtĂĄsi hĆmĂ©rsĂ©klet optimuma 19 ËC, de mĂ©g elfogadhatĂł eredmĂ©nyt ad a 22 ËC-os termĆrefordĂtĂĄs is.
A P70 hibrid ĂĄtszövetĂ©si hĆmĂ©rsĂ©kletĂ©nek optimuma a 22-25 ÌC, az idĆtartam pedig a HK35 hibridhez hasonlĂłan feltĂ©tlenĂŒl Ă©rje el a 20 napot, de ne haladja meg a 26 napot. GazdasĂĄgi szempontok figyelembevĂ©telĂ©vel javasolom a 20 nap intervallumot. A termĆrefordĂtĂĄs optimĂĄlis hĆmĂ©rsĂ©klete a 13 ÌC, azonban 19 ÌC-ig a termĂ©smennyisĂ©g nem, csak a minĆsĂ©g csökken.
A vizsgĂĄlatok alapjĂĄn javaslom a hibridek szezonĂĄlis alkalmazĂĄsĂĄt. A HK35 hibrid jĂłl termeszthetĆ a tavaszi-Ćszi ĂĄtmeneti idĆjĂĄrĂĄsi viszonyok mellett, a 357 hibrid viszont a HK35 hibridnĂ©l jobban alkalmazkodik a nyĂĄri melegebb termesztĂ©si viszonyokhoz. A P70 kifejezetten tĂ©li fajta, mivel mind az ĂĄtszövetĂ©s, mind a termĆrefordĂtĂĄs sorĂĄn az alacsonyabb hĆmĂ©rsĂ©kleteket igĂ©nyli.
Az eltĂ©rĂ©sek Ă©s ezek a termĂ©shozamra gyakorolt hatĂĄsa miatt javaslom, hogy az ĂĄltalĂĄnos laskagomba termesztĂ©si technolĂłgia helyett, figyelembe vĂ©ve a fajtĂĄk eltĂ©rĆ környezeti igĂ©nyeit, a termelĆk alkalmazzanak fajtaspecifikus technolĂłgiĂĄt a hozamfokozĂĄs Ă©rdekĂ©ben
Potential Therapeutic Use of PPAR Îł
Dendritic cells (DCs) can regulate all elements of the immune system, and therefore are an ideal target for vaccination. During the last two decades, as a result of extensive research, DCs became the primary target of antitumor vaccination as well. A critical issue of antitumor vaccination is the phenotype of the dendritic cell used. It has been recently shown that several nuclear hormone receptors, and amongst them the lipid-activated nuclear receptor and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARÎł), have important roles in effecting the immunophenotype of human dendritic cells. It regulates primarily lipid metabolism and via this it influences the immunophenotype of DCs by altering lipid antigen uptake, presentation, and also other immune functions. In this review, we summarize the principles of antitumor vaccination strategies and present our hypothesis on how PPARÎł-regulated processes might be involved and could be exploited in the design of vaccination strategies
Motivations, attitudes, customer habits: on the production and consumption of wine in Soltvadkert
Soltvadkert is a little city between the Danube and Tisza rivers. In 1700s years was the first initiative to plant grape and now, Soltvadkert is can be proud of the award âThe City of the Grape and Wineâ. In our research, we used making of structured interview from primer methods. Five wine-makers were asked to know their opinion about the actual situation. We made a quantitative survey also, 100 inhabitants and 100 tourists have filled our questionnaire. The consumption habits linked to the wine, the knowledge about the winemakers of Soltvadkert, the wine-purchasing habit. The result of this survey is the SWOT analysis, which we made and show in this article The main weaknesses of the sector are: the wine forgery scandal, and the not too good level of the vine-consumption
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